| ICNM eNEWS Newsletter Archive:
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Publications and Research
ICNM Fact Sheets: EURO and US for Download
EUROPE Downloads
International Centre on Nurse Migration EURO Fact Sheet
icnm_centre_EURO.pdf
International Centre on Nurse Migration: Migration & Remittances EURO Fact Sheet
icnm_migration_EURO.pdf
International Centre on Nurse Migration: Nursing Self Sufficiency/Sustainability EURO Fact Sheet
EURO_Sufficiency_Sustainability_Fact_Sheet.pdf
US Downloads
International Centre on Nurse Migration US Fact Sheet
icnm_centre_US.pdf
International Centre on Nurse Migration: Migration & Remittances US Fact Sheet
icnm_migration_US.pdf
International Centre on Nurse Migration: Nursing Self Sufficiency/Sustainability US Fact Sheet
US_Sufficiency_Sustainability_Fact_Sheet.pdf
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ICNM Publications
Adams E, Kennedy A
Positive Practice Environments Key Considerations for the Development of a Framework to Support the Integration of International Nurses. Creating Positive Practice Environments for the International Nurse, 20–21 February 2006.
ICNM_Pos_Practice_Env.pdf
Haour-Knipe M, Davies A (2008)
Return Migration of Nurses. International Centre on Nurse Migration and the International Centre for Human Resources in Nursing.
EURO Download
Return Migration A4.pdf
US Download
Return Migration ltr.pdf
Little L, Buchan J (2007).
Nursing Self Sufficiency/Sustainability in the Global Context. International Centre on Nurse Migration and the International Centre for Human Resources in Nursing.
EURO Download
SelfSufficiency_EURO.pdf
US Download
SelfSufficiency_US.pdf
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CGFNS Related Publications
Aiken LH, Buchan J, Sochalski J, Nichols B, Powell M (2004).
Trends In International Nurse Migration. Health Affairs, Vol 23, Issue 3, 69–77, 2004
Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools (2004).
2003 Think Tank Monograph: Building Global Alliances. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
https://www.cgfnsstore.org/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=68&products_id=194
Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools (2005).
2004 Think Tank Monograph: Building Global Alliances II: The Evolving Healthcare Migration. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
https://www.cgfnsstore.org/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=68&products_id=195
Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools (2005).
Trilateral Initiative for North America Nursing: An Assessment fo North American Nursing. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
https://www.cgfnsstore.org/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=70&products_id=202
Davis CR (2002).
Characteristics of Foreign Nurse Graduates in the Unites States Workforce — 2000–2001.
Commission on Graduates of Foriegn Nursing Schools, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
https://www.cgfnsstore.org/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=70&products_id=200
Davis CR (2005).
Characteristics of International Practical Nurses Graduates in the Unites States Workforce — 2003–2004.
Commission on Graduates of Foriegn Nursing Schools, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
https://www.cgfnsstore.org/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=70&products_id=201
Davis CR (2005).
Crossing Borders, Imprint Magazine, National Student Nurses Association, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
Feb04_Davis.pdf
Davis CR (2001).
Foreign-Educated Nurses and the Changing U.S. Nursing Workforce. Nursing Administration Quarterly, Vol. 26, No. 2, Winter 2001. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ForeignEducatedNurses_2002_Davis.pdf
Davis CR
How to Help International Nurses Adjust. Nursing2003 Career Directory 2003. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
HowToHelp_2003_Davis.pdf
Davis CR
International Nurses Adapting to U.S. Nursing Practice. Nursing 2004 Career Directory 2004. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
InternationalNurses_2004_Davis.pdf
Nichols B (2007).
Building Global Alliances III: The Impact of Global Nurse Migration on Health Services Delivery.
Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
BGA_Paper.pdf
Pittman P, Folsom A, Bass E, Leonhardy K (2007).
U.S.-Based International Nurse Recruitment: Structure and Practices of a Burgeoning Industry. Report on Year I of the Project International Recruitment of Nurses to the United States: Toward a Consensus on Ethical Standards of Practice. AcademyHealth, Washington, DC, USA.
Article PDF: Report on Year I.pdf
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ICN Related Publications
Buchan J, Calman L (2004).
The Global Shortage of Registered Nurses: An Overview of Issues and Actions. International Council of Nurses, Geneva, Switzerland.
shortage.pdf
Buchan J, Kingma M, Lorenzo M (2005).
International Migration of Nurses: Trends and Policy Implications. International Council of Nurses, Geneva, Switzerland.
Issue5migration.pdf
Byrant R (2005).
Regulation, Roles and Competency Development. International Council of Nurses, Geneva, Switzerland.
Issue1Regulation.pdf
International Council of Nurses (2002).
Career Moves & Migration Critical Questions. ICN, Geneva, Switzerland.
CareerMovesMigangl.pdf
International Council of Nurses (2001).
Position Statement: Ethical Nurse Recruitment.. ICN, Geneva, Switzerland.
psrecruit01.htm
International Council of Nurses (1999).
Position Statement: Nurse Retention, Transfer and Migration. ICN, Geneva, Switzerland.
http://www.icn.ch/psretention.htm
Kingma M (2005).
Nurses on the Move: Migration and the global health care economy. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
http://www.cornellpress.cornell.edu/cup_detail.taf?ti_id=4395
Malvrez S, Agudelo C (2005).
Overview of the Nursing Workforce in Latin America. International Council of Nurses, Geneva, Switzerland.
Issue6LatinAmerica.pdf
Munjanja O, Kibuka S, Dovlo D (2005).
The Nursing Workforce in Sub-Saharan Africa. International Council of Nurses, Geneva, Switzerland.
Issue7SSA.pdf
O‘Brien-Pallas L, Duffield C, Tomblin Murphy G, Birch S, Meyer R (2005).
Nursing Workforce Planning: Mapping the Policy Trail. International Council of Nurses, Geneva, Switzerland.
Issue2workforce.pdf
Rafferty AM, Maben J, West E, Robinson D (2005).
What Makes a Good Employer? International Council of Nurses, Geneva, Switzerland.
Issue3employer.pdf
Zurn P, Dolea C, Stilwell B (2005).
Nurse Retention and Recruitment: Developing a Motivated Workforce. International Council of Nurses, Geneva, Switzerland.
Issue4Retention.pdf
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Other Related Publications
Adams O, Stilwell B (2004).
Health Professionals and Migration. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 82(8), 559–636
560.pdf
Aiken L (2007).
U.S. Nurse Labor Market Dynamics Are Key to Global Nurse Sufficiency
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00714.x
Bach S
International Mobility of Health Professionals: Brain Drain or Brain Exchange? UNU-WIDER Research Paper No. 2006/82 — August 2006
rp2006–82.pdf
Bhorat H, Meyer J, Mlatsheni C (2002).
Skilled Labour Migration from Developing Countries: Study on South and Southern Africa. International Labour Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland.
Brush B, Sochalski J, Berger A (2004).
Imported Care: Recruiting Foreign Nurses to U.S. Health Care Facilities. Health Affairs 23 (3) 78–87, USA.
Brush B, Sochalski J, (2007).
International Nurse Migration: Lessons From the Philippines Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice 8(1), 37–46 (2007).
http://ppn.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/8/1/37
Buchan J (2007).
International Recruitment of Nurses: Policy and Practice in the United Kingdom
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00710.x
Buchan J (2001).
“Nurses Moving Across Borders: ‘Brain-Drain’ or Freedom of Movement” International Nursing Review 48 (2) 65–67, Blackwell Publishing, UK.
Buchan J, et al (2005).
Internationally Recruited Nurses in London: Profile and implications for policy. King's Fund, London England.
Based on a survey of international nurses in London, this paper reports on the country of origin, demographic profile, motivations, experiences and
career plans of the 380 respondents. The paper also outlines the overall trends in the numbers of nurses coming to the United Kingdom, examines the
policy context in which international recruitment activity has been conducted. the full report can be downloaded at:
http://www.kingsfund.org.uk/resources/publications/internationally.html
Buchan J, Dovlo D (2004).
International Recruitment of Health Workers to the UK: A Report for the Department For International Development.
DFID HSRC, London, UK.
Buchan J, Jobanputra R, Gough P, Hutt R
Internationally recruited nurses in London: a survey of career paths and plans. Human Resources for Health 2006, 4:14.
1478-4491-4-14.pdf
Buchan J, Parkin T, Sochalski J (2003).
International Nurse Mobility: Trends and Policy Implications. Royal College of Nursing/ World Health Organisation/ International Council of Nurses. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Int_Nurse_mobility%20final.pdf
Buchan J, Seccombe I
Worlds Apart? The UK and International Nurses. Royal College of Nursing, London, United Kingdom, 2006
worlds_apart_labour_market_interim_report.pdf
Buchan J, Sochalski J (2004).
The migration of nurses: trends and policies. Bulletin of World Health Organization, 82 (8) 587–594, WHO, Geneva Switzerland.
587.pdf
Canadian Institute for Health Information and Canadian Nurses Association (2005).
The Regulation and Supply of Nurse Practitioners in Canada
http://secure.cihi.ca/cihiweb/dispPage.jsp?cw_page=PG_449_E&cw_topic=449&cw_rel=AR_1263_E
Canadian Nurses Association (2005).
Navigating to Become a Nurse in Canada Assessment of International Nurse Applicants
IEN_Technical_Report_e.pdf
Clark PF, Stewart JB, Clark DA
The globalization of the labour market for health-care professionals. International Labour Review, Volume 145, Numbers 1–2, 2006, pp. 37–64(28)
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ilo/ilr/2006/00000145/F0020001/art00003
Clemens M (2007).
Do visas kill? Health effects of African health professional emigration. Working Paper Number 114, March 2007. The Center for Global Development, Washington DC, USA.
13123_file_Clemens_Do_visas_kill_3_.pdf
Clemens M, Pettersson G
A New Database of Health Professional Emigration from Africa. Center for Global Development 2006
9267%5Ffile%5FWP95FINAL.pdf
Clemens M, Pettersson G
New data on African health professionals abroad. Human Resources for Health, 2008 6:1 (10 January 2008)
http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/6/1/1
Commonwealth Secretariat (2003).
Commonwealth Code of Practice for the International Recruitment of Health Workers. Commonwealth Secretariat, London, UK.
CommonwealthCodeofPractice.pdf
Connell J, Brown R (2004).
The remittances of migrant Tongan and Samoan nurses from Australia. Human Resources for Health, 2 (2).
http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/2/1/2
Daniel P, Chamberlain A, Gordon F (2001).
Expectations and experiences of newly recruited Filipino nurses. British Journal of Nursing, 10 (4) 254–265, UK.
de Guchteneire P, Pécoud A (2006).
International Migration, Border Controls and Human Rights: Assessing the Relevance of a Right to Mobility Journal of Borderland Studies, Vol.21, No.1.
http://portal.unesco.org/shs/en/ev.php-URL_ID=10373&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
Department of Health (2001).
Code of Practice for NHS Employers Involved in International Recruitment of Health care Professionals, DoH, London, UK.
De Veer A, Ouden D, Francke A (2004).
Experiences of foreign European in the Netherlands. Health Policy 68, 55–61, Oxford University Press, UKnurses.
Diallo K (2004).
Data on migration of health workers: sources, uses and challenges. Bulletin of World Health Organization. 82 (8). 601–607, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
v82n8a10.pdf
Dlamini (undated).
The Study of Nurses Migrating the Country, conducted by the World Health Organization, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Dovlo D (2007).
Migration of Nurses from Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of Issues and Challenges
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00712.x
Dovlo D (2004).
Using mid-level cadres as substitutes for internationally mobile health professionals in Africa: a desk review. Human Resources for Health 2 (7), WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/2/1/7
Dovlo D, Martineau T (2004).
A Review of the Migration of Africa's Health Professionals, Paper Commissioned by the Joint Leaning Initiative on Human Resources for Health, Africa Working Group.
DovloMartineauFINAL.pdf
Dussault G, Franceschini M Cristina
Not enough there, too many here: understanding geographical imbalances in the distribution of the health workforce.
Human Resources for Health 2006, 4:12, 2006.
Fang Z (2007).
Potential of China in Global Nurse Migration
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00717.x
Findlay A (2002).
From brain exchange to brain gain: policy implications for the UK of recent trends in skilled migration from developing countries.
ILO Migration paper no 46. International Labour Office, Geneva, Switzerland.
imp43.pdf
Findlay A, Lowell L (2002).
Migration of highly skilled persons from developing countries: impact and policy responses.
ILO Migration paper no 43. International Labour Office, Geneva, Switzerland.
skmig-sr.pdf
Gilson L, Erasmus E
Supporting the retention of health resources for health: SADC policy context,
Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health University of Witwatersrand, September 2006.
DIS37HRes.pdf
Global Equity Initiative, Harvard University (2004).
Joint Learning Initiative (JLI).
Human Resources for Health: Overcoming the crisis. Harvard University Press, USA.
http://www.globalhealthtrust.org/Report.html
Hawthorne L (2001).
The globalisation of the nursing workforce: barriers confronting overseas qualified nurses in Australia.
Nursing Inquiry, 8 (4) 213–229, Blackwell Publishing, UK.
Hagopian A, Thompson MJ, Fordyce M, Johnson KE, Hart LG (2004).
The migration of physicians from sub-Saharan Africa to the United States of America: measures of the African brain drain.
Human Resources for Health, 2 (17).
http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/2/1/17
Institute of Health Policy and Development Studies (2006).
Migration of health workers: Country case study Philippines. International Labour Office, Geneva.
wp236.pdf
International Labour Organization (2002).
Current dynamics of international labour migration: Globalisation and regional integration. ILO, Geneva, Switzerland.
International Labour Organization (2006).
Sectoral Activities Department. Health worker migration flows in Europe
wp245.pdf
International Labour Organization (2005).
Sectoral Activities Department. Migration of health workers: Philippines
wp236.pdf
International Labour Organization (2006).
Special Issue on Migration. International Labour Review, Volume 145 (2006), Number 1–2
http://www.ilo.org/public/english/support/publ/revue/sommaire/145-1-2.htm
International Labour Office (2004).
The Resolution concerning a fair deal for migrant workers in the global economy: Report of the Committee on Migrant Workers,
Provisional Record 22, 92nd Session, International Labour Conference, International Labour Office, Geneva, Switzerland.
pr-22.pdf
International Organisation for Migration (2004).
The Development Dimension of Migrant Remittances. IOM, Geneva, Switzerland.
International Organization for Migration (2005).
Health and Migration: Bridging the Gap. IOM, Migration Policy and Research Programme IOM, Geneva, Switzerland.
RedBook6_ebook.pdf
International Organisation for Migration (2003).
World Migration 2003:Managed Migration. IOM Geneva, Switzerland.
Khadria B (2007).
International Nurse Recruitment in India
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00718.x
Kingma M (2004).
Nurses and the New International Workplace. Nursing and Health Policy Review, 3(2)95–109, Springer Publishing Company, NY.
Kingma M (2001).
Nurse migration: global treasure hunt or disaster in the making? Nursing Inquiry, 8 (4) 205–212, Blackwell Publishing, UK.
Kingma M (2007).
Nurses on the Move: A Global Overview
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00711.x
Kirigia JM, Gbary AR, Muthuri LK, Nyoni J, Seddoh A
The cost of health professionals' brain drain in Kenya. BMC Health Serv Res 2006 6:(89)
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/6/89
Klassen N, McIntosh T, Torgerson R
The Ethical Recruitment of Internationally Educated Health Professionals: Lessons from Abroad and Options for Canada. CPRN Research Report H|11. January 2007. 43 pp.
http://www.cprn.org/en/doc.cfm?doc=1611
Labonte R, Packer C, Klassen N (2006).
Managing health professional migration from sub-Saharan Africa to Canada: a stakeholder inquiry into policy options, Human Resources for Health 2006, 4:22.
http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/4/1/22/
Labonte R, Sanger M
Glossary of the World Trade Organisation and Public Health. J Epidemiol Community Health 2006;60:655–661. doi: 10.1136/jech.2005.037895
655.pdf
Little L (2007).
Nurse Migration: A Canadian Case Study
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00709.x
Lorenzo M, Gaylez-Tan J, Icamina K, Jayler L (2007).
Nurse Migration from a Source Country Perspective: Philippine Country Case Study
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00716.x
Maybud S, Wiskow C (2006).
Care trade: The international brokering of health care professionals. IN: Merchants of Labour, edited by ChristianeKuptsch, International Institute for Labour Studies, ILO, Geneva p. 223–238
Migration News Vol. 11 No. 1, January 2004.
Professional Migrants and Development
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/comments.php?id=2990_0_5_0
Mullan F
The Metrics of the Physician Brain Drain. The New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 353:1810–1818 October 27, 2005
Abstract: http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/353/17/1810
Article (PDF): 1810.pdf
Muula A, et al (2003).
The Ethics of Developed Nations Recruiting Nurses From Developing Countries: The Case of Malawi. Nursing Ethics, 10 (4) 433–437, Canada.
Muula A, Panulo B, Maseko F (2007).
The financial losses from the migration of nurses from Malawi
Article (PDF): migration_malawi.pdf
Nguyen L, Ropers S, Nderitu E, Zuyderduin A, Luboga S, Hagopian A
Intent to migrate among nursing students in Uganda: measures of the brain drain in the next generation of health professionals, Human Resources for Health, 2008 6:5 (12 February 2008 ) 1478-4491-6-5.pdf
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2002).
International Migration of Physicians and Nurses: Causes, Consequences and Health Policy Implications. OECD, Paris, France.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2004).
Trends in International Migration. OECD, Paris, France.
Oulton J (2004).
Nurse migration: Lets tackle the real issues. International Nursing Review. 51 (3) 1377–138, Blackwell Publishing, UK.
Padarath A, et al (2003).
Health Personnel in Southern Africa: Confronting maldistribution and brain drain. Equinet/ Health Systems Trust/ Medact. Equinet, Harare, Zimbabwe.
http://www.equinetafrica.org
Physicians for Human Rights (2004).
An Action Plan to Prevent Brain Drain: Building Equitable Health Systems in Africa.
Physicians for Human Rights, Boston, USA.
braindrain.pdf
Pike G, Ball J (2007).
Black and Minority Ethnic and Internationally Recruited Nurses: Results from RCN Employment/Working Well Surveys 2005 and 2002.
The full report can be viewed and downloaded bme_int_survey.pdf
Pittman P, Aiken L, Buchan J (2007).
International Migration of Nurses: Introduction
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00713.x
Riley P, Vindigni S, Arudo J, et al (2007).
Developing a Nursing Database System in Kenya
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00715.x
Robinson R
DISCUSSION PAPER 49: The Costs and Benefits of Health Worker Migration From East and Southern Africa (ESA): A Literature Review
DIS49HRrobinson.pdf
Saidi F
The metrics of the physician brain drain. Archives of Iranian Medicine 2006 9:4 (433–434)
http://www.ams.ac.ir/AIM/0694/0028.htm
Salmon M, Yan J, Herwitt H (2007).
Managed Migration: The Caribbean Approach to Addressing Nursing Services Capacity
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2007.00708.x
Schmidt C (2003).
Emigration of Nurses from the Caribbean: Causes and Consequences for the Socio Economic Welfare of the Country. Trinidad and Tobago Case Study, UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, (LC/CAR/G.748) ECLAC, Santiago, Chile.
Sevak P and Schmidt L (2007).
How Do Immigrants Fare in Retirement? WP 2007–169 — October 2007. Michigan Retirement Research Center, University Michigan.
fare2.pdf
Smith P
From Brain Drain to Brain Gain. Education Today, October 2006 to January 2007.
147739e.pdf
Smith P, Allan H, Henry L, Larsen J, Mackintosh M (2006).
Valuing and recognising the talents of a diverse health care workforce. Report from the REOH study: Researching equal opportunities for overseas-trained nurses and other health care professionals, EU/RCN/UniS/OU.
REOH REPORT 070706.PDF
Sriskandarajah D
Reassessing the Impacts of Brain Drain on Developing Countries. Migration Information Source, August 1, 2005.
http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/print.cfm?ID=324
Stalker P (2000).
Workers without frontiers: the impact of globalization on international migration. Lynne Rienner Publications, Boulder Colorado, USA.
Stilwell B, et al (2003).
Developing evidence based ethical policies on the migration of health workers: conceptual and practical challenges.
Human Resources for Health 1 (8). WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/1/1/8
Stilwell B, et al (2004).
Migration of health care workers from developing countries: strategic approaches to its management. Bulletin of World Health Organisation 82 (8) 595–600, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
v82n8a09.pdf
Thomas HE (2002).
Skilled Labour Migration from Developing Countries: Study on the Caribbean Region. International Migration papers 50. International Labour Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland.
Timur S (2000).
Changing Trends and major issues in international migration: An overview of the UNESCO programmes. International Migration 165: 255–269, Center for Migration Studies, New York, USA.
Tjadens F (2002).
Health Care shortages: where globalisation, nurses and migration meet. Eurohealth. 8 (3) 33–35, London School of Economics, London, UK.
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Transnational Knowledge Through Diaspora Networks. Journal on Multicultural Societies (IJMS). Vol. 8, No. 1
http://www.unesco.org/shs/ijms/vol8/issue1
UNESCO (2006)
Human Trafficking in Mozambique: Root Causes and Recommendations
http://portal.unesco.org/shs/en/ev.php-URL_ID=10310&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
UNESCO (2006)
Human Trafficking in Nigeria: Root Causes and Recommendations
http://portal.unesco.org/shs/en/ev.php-URL_ID=10309&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
UNFPA
A Passage to Hope: Women and International Migration
State of World Population 2006
http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2006/english/introduction.html
United Nations Institute for Training and Research (2007).
Summary Report of the Seminar on Building Partnerships.
United Nations
Final_Summary_Report_7_March_8_.pdf
Van Eyck K. (2004).
Women and International Migration in the Health Sector. Public Services International, Ferney-Voltaire, France.
Final_Report_Migration.pdf
Vujicic M, Zurn P, Diallo K., Adams O, Dal Poz M (2004).
The role of wages in the migration of health care professionals from developing countries. Human Resources for Health 2004, 2(3), WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
1478-4491-2-3.pdf
Wickramasekara P (2003).
Policy responses to skilled migration: Retention, return and circulation. Perspectives on Labour Migration, 5E. International Labour Office, Geneva, Switzerland.
pom5e.pdf
Wiskow C (2006).
Heath worker migration flows in Europe: Overview and case studies in selected countries: Romania, Czech Republic, Serbia and Croatia. International Labour Office, Geneva.
wp245.pdf
World Health Organization (2004).
Agenda item 12.11, Fifty Seventh World Health Assembly: Health systems including primary care. International migration and health personnel: a challenge for health systems in developing countries. 22 May 2004. WHO Geneva, Switzerland.
A57_R19-en.pdf
World Health Organization (2004).
Recruitment of health workers from the developing world. Report by the Secretariat. Executive Board 114th Session EB 114/5:1, April 2004 WHO Geneva, Switzerland.
B114_5-en.pdf
Xaba J, Phillips G (2001).
Understanding Nurse Emigration: Final report. Trade Union Research Project (TURP), June 19th, 2001, South Africa.
Zlotnik H (2003).
The Global Dimensions of Female Migration. Migration Information Source, Migration Policy Institute (MPI) Washington DC, USA.
http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?id=109
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